The Science Nook on Dietary Fiber, Yogurt, and Risk of Lung Cancer
by Jenna Koroly, MS, RD, CSOWM, CDN Prebiotics and probiotics are involved in gut microbiota function and health. Prebiotics are compounds that act as food for probiotic microorganisms. Pre and probiotics have been found to be associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders, and gastrointestinal cancers. A 2018 study found specific gut microbes […]
The Science Nook on Vitamin A Intake and Skin Cancer
by Jenna Koroly, MS, RD, CSOWM, CDN Vitamin A includes many related compounds called retinoids. Vitamin A from animal foods is known as retinol, while vitamin A from fruits and vegetables is known as provitamin A carotenoid, including beta carotene, alpha carotene, and beta cryptoxanthin. These forms are converted into retinol in the body. Other […]
The Science Nook on Meat Consumption and Breast Cancer Risk
by Jenna Koroly, MS, RD, CSOWM, CDN In ecological studies, intake of red meat has been found to be associated with increased risk of breast cancer, although the findings have not been consistent in several cohort studies [Lacey et al., 2002; Anderson et al., 2018; Farvid et al., 2018; Wu et al., 2016 as cited […]
The Science Nook on Polyphenol Intake and Thyroid Cancer Risk
by Jenna Koroly, MS, RD, CSOWM, CDN Polyphenols are types of phytochemicals found in plants that may reduce risk of certain chronic diseases, including cancers, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. There exist different types of polyphenols: flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes, lignans. The below study looks at all classes and 22 subclasses of polyphenols and […]
The Science Nook on Low-Fat Dietary Pattern and Long-Term Breast Cancer Incidence and Mortality
by Jenna Koroly, MS, RD, CSOWM, CDN Long-term clinical trials provide valuable information for patients and healthcare providers, while guiding nutrition recommendations. The Women’s Health Initiative Dietary Modification (WHI DM) trial recently came out with continued results of their now 19.6 year cumulative follow-up trial. Below is first the findings from their 2017 publication, and […]
The Science Nook on Health Behavior Change and Patients with Head and Neck Cancer
by Jenna Koroly, MS, RD, CSOWM, CDN Individuals with head and neck cancers have high rates of malnutrition [Capuano et al., 2010 as cited in Britton et al., 2018]. Although studies show that nutrition support from dietitians during radiation therapy improves nutrition for those with head and neck cancers, the focus is primarily on nutrition […]
The Science Nook on Plant-Based Eating and Gut Microbiota
by Jenna Koroly, MS, RD, CSOWM, CDN Both gut microbiota and plant-based eating are continuing to be studied, as well as talked about by health professionals and patients. The below review explores how vegetarian/vegan and omnivore eating patterns influence gut microbiota. The microbiota is “the total of all microbial taxa associated with human beings (bacteria, viruses, […]
The Science Nook on Diet Quality and Mortality Risk in Colorectal Cancer
by Jenna Koroly, MS, RD, CSOWM, CDN The American Cancer Society predicts an estimated 145,600 new colorectal cancer cases in the United States in 2019. However, there have been improved survival rates over the past 30 years, likely due to increased screening as well as improvements in risk factors and treatment options [i]. In honor of […]
The Science Nook on Non-Sugar Sweeteners and Health Outcomes
by Jenna Koroly, MS, RD, CSOWM, CDN Sweeteners include nutritive and non-nutritive, meaning those with calories and those without. Within the nutritive sweeteners, there are sugars, modified sugars, sugar alcohols, and natural caloric sweeteners. These may be listed under ingredients as sucrose, barley malt, dextrose, maltose, and rice syrup, in addition to others. Under the […]
The Science Nook on Carbohydrate Quality and Health Outcomes
by Jenna Koroly, MS, RD, CSOWM, CDN Low intake of carbohydrates is oftentimes the basis of diet trends, such as the ketogenic and paleolithic diets. However, it is important to understand that carbohydrates come in many different forms–from processed snacks such as pretzels and cookies, to whole foods such as beans, oats, fruits, and vegetables. […]